besson



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. BESSON & E. N. KENT.

MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING GLASS. No. 393,811. Patented Dec. 4, 1888.

N. PETERS. Phum-mw nar. Washmglnm n. c.

(Nb Modem- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. BESSON 8v E. N. KENT.

MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING GLASS.

No. 893,811. Patented Dec. 4,1888.

N. PETERS. lihutmlilhogmpher. Washingwn. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HYPPOLITE BESSON AND ERNEST NEILD KENT, OF LONDON, COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

MACHINERY FOR GRINDING, SHAPING, AND POLISHING GLASS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 393,811, dated December 4, 1888.

Application filed May 10, 1886. Serial No. 201,703. (No model.) Patented in England May 9, 1884, No. 7,461.

To all whom; it may concern.-

Be it known that we, HYPPOLITE BEssON,

mechanical engineer, and ERNEST NEILD accompanying the same.

Our invention relates to improved machinery for grinding or cutting facets and waved or curved lines or flutes round hollow glass articles, such as tumblers, drinking glasses, decanters, and such like forms of glass.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front view of a machine arranged to grind straight facets, grooves, or flutes on hollow glasses, such as tumblers and the like. Fig. 2 is a plan and Fig. 3 an end view of the same machine; and Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are detailed views of modifications. Fig. 7 is a detail view, enlarged, of the valve-plunger and cylinder hereinafter described. 7

F designates a rocking frame pivoted at its lower end on a shaft, A, passing through bearings-Y, raised on a slide, P, which has lateral motion. This slide fits a guideway, g, (see Fig. 3,) raised on a plate,P, the latter being mounted on a second slide, P, which has motion transversely to that of slide P. The plate P. is connected to slide P" by a central pivot, g, and by an adjusting-screw, P, which passes up from said slide P through acurved slot, P made in plate P.'. A nut, P, fitting on said screw above said plate, serves to lock in any position of adjustment on pivot g the plate P and the upper slide,

P, carried thereby. In this way the position of the latter is regulated. *hen we grind lateral facets or hollow glass, we make this slide P receive a to-and-fro motion. This is effected by means of a grooved cam,'u, rot-ating on spindle Z and engaging a pin, a, on carriage P. The spindle Z is provided with a belt-pulley, L", from which it receives rotation, and also with a small toothed wheel, Z,

splined on said shaft. or more teeth, t, formed round its periphery, which at each revolution will rotate the wheel E to a distance equal to the number of teeth formed 011 it, and through interme diate gear the axis or two spindles, A A, receive the partial rotation each time the tooth tor teeth of wheel Z meet with wheel E. This step-by-step motion can be varied by increasing or diminishing the number of teeth round the wheel Z and E' by change of wheeL- Thus it is evident, if a glass, B, is fixed between these spindles A A 011 the same axis as a pattern, C, and both receiving the same step-by-step motion, that the time taken be tween one step and'another will be the time taken by the grinder to cut a facet or any similar design on the glass;

The glass B is fixed between the two spindles A A by means of a concentric chuck, Z), to hold the foot of it and suitable core, Z), which is inserted in the hollow of the glass. The two spindles, with the glass B and pattern C, are finally secured by the screws (Z (Z.

The rocking frame F vibrates to and from the grinding'wheel G, and is controlled by the pattern 0, which turns against a guide-roller, C". By screwing the slide P either to or from the grinder the frame F F is made to press more or less heavily on the grinder.

\Vhen the glass B is turning by the motion imparted by wheel Z, we make the glass rise from the grinder and return to it by the following device: e provide on the surface of the pattern C, Fig. 3, or 011 the outline of a former or formers, c c c c or c 0 0 Figs. 5 and 6, deep depressions and projections, which, as soon as the pattern receives its next impulse, will rotate to its next depression, meet the fixed guide or roller C, and raise the glass from the grinder to a distance equal to that between the depression and projection made on the pattern, and while the wheel Z is not engaged with the wheel E" the roller or guide C will rest in the d epressiou and the grinder will be cutting the facet.

To return the glass gently against the grinder, we use the following arrangement, (shown in Fig. 3:) A bracket, (1, fixed on the end of the axis or the head-stock of screw d, carries a small bar, a, connected to a plunger, 02, of

The wheel Z has onethe cylindei-N, which is mounted on a bracket, '11, attached to the table T. In the interior of the cylinder a valve,\', is fitted to a port, 0, and has a small aperture, 0, which may be made adjustable. The action of this device is as follows: As soon as the projection on the pattern raises the glass from the grinder the bar )1 is drawn with the plunger )1 by the same motion away from the valve Y. Then the valve V opens and allows air to till the space made by the withdrawal of the plunger. \Yhen the rocking t'rame brings the glass back to the grinder as the depression on the other side of said projection is presented to said pattern, the plunger a, being connected by bar it to said frame, receives the same movement. The said plunger in said movement passes back in said cylinder and causes the valve Y to close. The air imprisoned in the space between the plunger and valve can escape only by the small aperture 0. This escape being gradual and slow, the resistance ol said air necessarily prevents the frame from falling suddenly and makes impact of the glass on the grinder very easy and gentle. At each rise and descent of the glass the action above (lOSCl'llHtl is repeated.

In grinding long t'acets, flutes, or such like designs on glass theguideor roller C is placed stationary on the table '1, and the alternate rectilinear movement of the carriage l makes the pattern C slide laterally against it; but when we out small circular t'aeets or any such designs we tix theguide or roller C on the carriage 1, so that both receive the same movement. The guide or roller C is also Jixed on the carriage i when we use a former or templet, c c c c, Fig. U, or a series of them, e .f c, Fig. 5, mounted on the axis A, taking the place of pattern C. in this case we use a small roller; but when the projections and depressions made on the outline oi the pattern are too small we use a blank point or tracer. In order to cut spiral flutes or any similar designs in round hollow glass, we attach a loose arm, (1, on the same axis, A". This arm is bent at right angles, and its outer end affords a bearing for a short shat't, E which is at right angles to shaft or axis A. The inner end of this short sha't't has mounted on it a bevel-wheel, lflflwhich meshes with a simi lar wheel, E, on the proximate end of shaft or axis A. The other end of shaft E has mounted on it a gear-wheel, E",which engages a tixed rack, E. By having arm a titted loosely on axis A it is allowed a certain range of rocking, whereby we are enabled to vary the size of wheel 'E,soasto change the pitch of the spiral to be ground on the glass. 'hile the plate 'l moves in its alternate rectilinear movement the wheel E is carried by the said movement and rolls to and fro on the rack E, transmitting a rotary to-and-tro motion to its bevel-wheels E E and to the axis or spindles A A, carrying the glass and the pattern. This combined movement with the grinder will produce a spiral line, H ute, groove, or such like design until the guide touches the pattern C, or the depression made in it. Then the grinder G will cease to cut, and the glass has to be lifted and turned to the next spiral line, groove, tlute, or such like design. The mechanism, with the glass, is lifted from the grinder eitherbyhandorbyprojections. The glass is turned to itsnext spiral by lil'tingthe arm It and turning the wheel I Now, having ('lescribed the application of our invention for grinding, shaping, and polishing glassol' dill'erent l'orm and sizeand the manner ot performing the same, it is evident that various modifications ot the grimlcr,\\'ith the rotary axis or axes carryingthe glass and the pattern, can be made, according to the shape and the size of the glass to be ground, without departing t'rom the object of this invention; and we would have it understood that we claim 1. In a machine for grinding, shaping, and polishing glass, the combination, with the grinder (1 ol' the rocking frame I, the carriage or lateral slide I, adjustable round the center g and made to receive a to-and-t'romotion by the pin '11 and grooved cam '11,, the spindles A A, the former or pattern C, guide or roller C, toothed wheel I, and toothed gear E E l l E, substantially as set? forth.

2. The cylinder X, provided with port 0, in combination with the valve Y, provided with aperture 0' and hinged on the inside of said cylinder to cover said port, the plunger 12, working in said cylinder, the guide or roller C, the pattern C, the spindles A A,which hold the glass to be operated on, the rocking frame 1', on which said spindles are mounted, aml the grinding-wheel G, which operates on the glass, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNEST NEILI) KENT.

Witnesses:

An'rnur. E. laownnns, E. SCRIYEN. 

